It does recognize that there are different personality needs and differing societal mores. But the Torah was always the same Torah for all Jews. What was expressly forbidden in the Torah was forbidden to all and what was permitted was also permitted to all. Much of the problems that exist in the Jewish world today have less to do with halacha and more do with political and societal norms.

 

Elevating these societal and political issues to the realm of Torah law and halacha, only sharpens our differences and creates unnecessary friction - which eventually casts a very negative light upon all religious Jews and the Torah generally.

 

In the haftorah from Yirmiyahu that was read for parshiot Matot–Maasei the prophet strikingly says “that those who hold the Torah tightly knew Me not.” Those who hold the Torah tightly unto themselves, who see no one else but themselves and their society, and who are completely separated from the rest of the Jewish people, truly “know Me not.” The Torah is for everyone and not merely the self-anointed few.  Everyone has the right to create their own grouping and society but no one has the right to create a halachic basis that does not truly exist and to claim the Torah exclusively for themselves.  

 

Over the ages of Jewish history there have always been differences over rabbinic power and identity, differing societal norms and customs and general attitudes towards the outside non-Jewish world and culture. The societal norms of the Jews in the Middle Ages in Spain were not those of the Jews in Germany and Central Europe, and the norms of Jewish society in Renaissance Italy certainly did not resemble those of the Eastern European shtetel.

 

Torah and halacha, with all of its allowances for differing nuances, unified all of the diverse parts of Jewry while preserving the basic whole of traditional Jewish law and life. With the advent of Chasidus in the eighteenth century, new and differing societal norms were introduced into Eastern European Jewish life. But again, these new mores were, in the main, restricted to societal behavior. And since groups of Jews lived far removed from one another in the Exile, these societal differences were tolerated and rarely were they the cause of continuing friction amongst the different societies of Jews.

 

Currently, this luxury of being able to be separate has been seriously reduced here in the Land of Israel. Here we are all thrown together so that the societal mores of one group clash daily and regularly with those of other groups. The only way to justify one’s societal mores over those of others is to elevate them to the status of halacha. This is a terribly damaging process for all concerned.

 

The struggle for turf, political and economic power, influence and direction of the Jewish world has been the hallmark of internal Jewish life for the past two centuries. The erroneous hopes and unfulfilled expectations of secularism, the Enlightenment, nationalism, Marxism, humanism, etc. all of which captured much Jewish support over the past centuries have, as a result, created a climate of separatism, an us-against them-attitude, in much of the observant religious society.

 

Feeling threatened and constantly on the defensive, much of religious society has wrapped the Torah about itself, unwilling and unable to share it intelligently with others. Walling out the outside world to the best of its ability, this grouping allows its societal norms not to be seen as that but rather as halacha from Moshe on Sinai.

 

This only serves to further the frictions and deepen the differences between Jews. Thinking that one’s societal norms are those that are best for everyone smacks of arrogance and weakness at one and the same time. A system of education that teaches that one’s societal norms are paramount even to halacha, only reinforces the difficulties that our religious society already faces in a world of instant communication and multiculturalism.

 

Once we agree that the Torah is for everyone and that it operates very effectively in different places and in differing societies, we will be on the way to the balanced view of life that the Torah truly demands from us.

 

Shabat shalom.

 

Berel Wein